目的 了解和分析国内医疗机构用药安全现状,提出改善用药安全的策略/战略;为政府部门促进用药安全的决策提供实证支持。方法 采用问卷调查法和网络答题形式。通过中国药学会科技开发中心“医药经济情报信息网”发布调查邀请函和问卷,通过唯一链接发送和回收调查问卷,对问卷进行统计分析得出研究结论。结果 全国26个省、自治区和直辖市129家医院响应调查;其中,116家医院完成调查,回复率为88.92%;其中三级医院96家(82.76%),二级医院20家(17.24%);116家医院共6 001个药师样本,其中2 292位药师完成调查,问卷回收率为38.19%。结论 在用药安全的4个基本维度中,医院药师的总体评价:态度(3.72)＞实践(3.68)＞认知(3.45)＞环境(3.35);认知影响实践,药师对用药安全的认知有待提高和深化;药师对保障用药安全的组织管理水平评价较低(2.70);药师的工作疲劳影响用药安全;涉及用药安全的规章制度在实践中未能很好落实,成为影响用药安全的隐患;医生处方规范化(完整性和清晰性)影响用药安全;用药安全文化氛围亟待改善和提高;医院药师尚未清楚意识到和担当起用药安全的责任,药师的调剂工作基本处于传统的简单供应型模式,转型处于起步阶段;医院药师对用药安全状况有盲目乐观倾向,调查统计分析得出的结论(3.53)低于药师的主观评价(4.30)。

OBJECTIVE To understand and analyze the status of medication safety issues in China′s healthcare system and give our recommendations on the strategy/tactics feasible for medication safety improvement, providing empirical support to the decision-making process made by competent governmental bodies for the purpose of medication safety improving. METHODS Online questionnaire survey is conducted in order to obtain necessary information for this empirical research; as the sole and exclusive link for this survey, www.cmei.org.cn-China Pharmaceutical Industry Information Website-opened and maintained by the Science & Technology Development Center of China Pharmaceutical Association, is used to release and return the survey letter and questionnaire; the CONCLUSION of this empirical research is based on our statistics and analysis on the information carried on the returned questionnaires. RESULTS Totally 129 hospitals located within 26 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China responded to the Survey; among them, 116 hospitals completed the questionnaires with a response rate of 88.92%, including 96 class-3 hospitals (82.76%) and 20 class-2 hospitals (17.24%); there are in total 6 001 pharmacist samples in those 116 hospitals; among them, 2 292 pharmacists completed the questionnaires, with a return rate of questionnaire of 38.19%. CONCLUSION Across the four basic dimensions on medication safety, the overall assessment on hospital pharmacists is: attitude (3.72)> practice (3.68)> awareness (3.45)> atmosphere (3.35). Awareness has a direct impact on practice, so the pharmacists awareness of medication safety should be improved and enhanced; pharmacists gave a low rating (2.70) to the administration/management works for promoting medication safety; the work-related fatigue of pharmacists has a serious effect on medication safety; the rules and regulations about medication safety were improperly implemented in actual practices, a potential element giving adverse effect on medication safety; the standardization of doctor′s prescription(completeness and clearness) can dramatically affect the medication safety; the atmosphere of medication safety culture should be highlighted and improved; hospital pharmacists have not become clearly aware of and assume the liabilities for medication safety, and the drug distributing preformed by pharmacists is still under conventional supply mode, at its infant stage for mode transition; hospital pharmacists had a blindly optimistic trending for medication safety, and the survey result(3.53) is much lower than the subjective assessment (4.30) given by the pharmacists.